soap noodles manufacturing process soap noodles manufacturing process

Soap Noodles Manufacturing Process

He further noted that “apart from the process line, we have fully installed three lines for soap finishing; each has a capacity of 2 tonnes per hour for the production of laundry, multipurpose and toilet soaps respectively”. Nwaorgu added: “The ...

Soap Noodles Manufacturing Process

Photos of Sabmiller Plant Onitsha, Highest Foreign Direct Investment In Nigeria / I Want To Show You How To Produce Soap To Meet International Standard At The Mos / Crazy Government Bans - Soap Noodles (1) (2) (3) (4)

As part of its concept to produce locally the basic raw materials, Orange Drugs Limited is set to produce ‘soap noodles’ at its subsidiary –Orange Drugs Limited Onitsha Plant.

The production at Orange Drugs Limited Onitsha Plant which will be commissioned this month, is for the company’s internal consumption and sale to other companies in the same industry, within and outside Nigeria.

Industry watchers say the diversification has given Orange Drugs Limited a competitive edge in terms of cost advantage and consistency in quality of its basic raw material input.

Orange Drugs Limited is one of the three subsidiaries of Orange Group Limited, the other two are Orange Kalbe Limited and Orange West Africa Limited.

Speaking to journalists in Lagos, Henshaw Nwaorgu, plant manager, (soap), Orange Drugs Limited said “the saponification process plant comprises of the tank farm (with tanks to store over 20,000 metric tonnes of PKO/CPO/Tallow); the bleaching plant; the boiler (steam generation); water treatment plant; caustic dissolving unit; the saponification crusher (two units of 25 tonnes each); the spray dryer; and two storage silos.”

According to him, “Orange Drugs Limited Onitsha Plant was fully installed in April 2011 and test runs were conducted in May 2012 with our technical teams from Germany and Italy and other well tested Nigerian professionals.”

He said the plant currently has the capacity to produce five tonnes per hour equivalent to 80 tonnes in two shifts per day (of eight hours per shift). “This is the phase currently being commissioned. Capacity per annum is estimated at 19,200 metric tonnes. The second phase to be commissioned in October 2013, would eventually bring the factory to its full capacity of 15 tonnes of soap with 12 finishing lines”, Nwaorgu said.

He further noted that “apart from the process line, we have fully installed three lines for soap finishing; each has a capacity of 2 tonnes per hour for the production of laundry, multipurpose and toilet soaps respectively”.

Nwaorgu added: “The company has a vibrant workforce with technical knowhow that are constantly evolving new products to meet the demands for our teaming consumers locally and internationally. The factory has a proposed workforce of 1,200 persons, thereby creating job opportunities as well as establishing Orange Group as a major contributor to the creation of jobs in Nigeria.”

Please moderators move this thread to the front page and help me to display the message and picture in the links that i provided. Thanks. Here is the picture of the giant factory. It is bigger than what is in the picture and it would be commisioned this august. www.naijahottestgist.

Lord Naya: Please moderators move this thread to the front page and help me to display the message and picture in the links that i provided. Thanks. Here is the picture of the giant factory. It is bigger than what is in the picture and it would be commisioned this august. www.naijahottestgist.

The Dubai dreams takes years of financial discipline/investment and less corrupt environment to come through. On that note, not only one person or groups of persons can achieve the Dubai dream, but EVERYONE. Anambra may be at it, but still far from the reality of Dubai dream.

The Dubai dreams takes years of financial discipline/investment and less corrupt environment to come through. On that note, not only one person or groups of persons can achieve the Dubai dream, but EVERYONE. Anambra may be at it, but still far from the reality of Dubai dream.

It is this kind of vision that drove the rulers of Dubai to turn a semi desert to attract the best of talents and capital from all over the world, and today Dubai is everybody’s dream destination. A similar strategy was deployed by Taiwan, harnessing its strategic location and endowments. When they started, their initial plans were dismissed as ‘unrealistic’.

Soludo envisions Anambra, with its peculiar small landmass, as one “Free Trade Zone.” Some of his programmes range from the Sir Louis Odumegwu-Ojukwu airport, metropolitan urban renewal programmes to turn the ‘ONA axis’ (Onitsha, Nnewi, Awka axis) into commercial and industrial hubs; revolution to turn the more than 40,000 four-storey buildings in Onitsha which are now dead assets into viable, collaterable assets that can be used to secure substantial bank loans for business; the commercial agriculture strategy to work with Malaysians and Israelis to turn Omambala and Orumba zones into agricultural and agro-industrial parks to feed Nigeria, the plan for a brand new modern city, industrial parks, plans for community development, erosion control, education and health, as well as security. It is long and indeed ambitious.

I am particularly excited by Soludo’s brand new city idea by which he proposes to extend the current capital city (the Greater Awka into Awka North) or the Greater Onitsha into Nsugbe/Otuocha axis. The proposed six kilometre boulevard adorned with many shopping malls including the Anambra Shopping World which he believes would be Africa’s largest shopping mall with international brands, world class recreational parks, hotels, cinema, restaurants and the likes, would be a dream come through. The world’s most beautiful Avenue is Champs Elysees in Paris and no one goes to Paris without visiting Champs Elysees, which is only 1.9 kilometres long. The Anambra Boulevard promises to be Africa’s ‘must visit’ location, and will be a signature project in the new city. A well planned new city with modern facilities, together with the new airport, and industrial/commercial and agricultural parks will kick-start a dynamic domestic economy to which most of us would proudly want to relocate.

I am also excited about Soludo’s five million hybrid palm seedlings programme to re-engineer the palm revolution and compete with Malaysia and Indonesia as world’s largest palm producers. I understand that 50 - 100 hybrid palms can lift a poor household out of poverty, and this would mean 50,000 households. Imagine the agro-processing industries that would emerge, the revenue to government, and prosperity to all. Malaysia took its palm seedlings from Anambra in early 1960s and created prosperity with them.

The innovative Community Government is a study in comprehensive grassroots development framework that will involve the people in addressing their peculiar local needs. I can go on and on.

Soludo has insisted that Anambra cannot be developed with Federation Account allocation but by private capital. There must be very few people with Soludo’s national and international networks and personal capacity to mobilize private capital to transform Anambra.

He has done it before. When Soludo dreamt of the Africa Finance Corporation (AFC) to do what the African Union could not accomplish in over 25 years, many thought it was a joke but he did it and AFC is now Africa’s number one infrastructure bank. He dreamt of consolidating the banking system and most people said it was ‘impossible.’ Soludo set out to put Nigerian banks on the global map, and announced that he wanted Nigerian banks in the top 100 banks in the world within 10 years. Most people thought this was ‘idealistic.’ In three years, he put two Nigerian banks in the top 300 banks and 12 others within the top 1000 banks. What Soludo brings is his ever restless and cerebral capacity to think big and exceptional execution capacity.

To me, ADT is a clear roadmap to prosperity. It was Oliver Wendell Holmes who once said that, “Once a mind has been stretched by a new idea, it never returns to its original shape.” Soludo has stretched the minds of Ndi Anambra with a new idea. Now, we cannot wait again. Happy birthday to you, my brother!

The picture you saw is the administrative buildings, the main factory is massive. It is located at the Ogbaru industrial layout near Onitsha. The goodnews is that not only will this factory be manufacturing various finished products, it will also be producing the raw materials and semi-finished products that would be bought by various firms within and outside the country. The factory is fitted with the latest technological equipments and manned by professionals. So the main factory which is not on the above picture is big.

Lord Naya: The picture you saw is the administrative buildings, the main factory is massive. It is located at the Ogbaru industrial layout near Onitsha. The goodnews is that not only will this factory be manufacturing various finished products, it will also be producing the raw materials and semi-finished products that would be bought by various firms within and outside the country. The factory is fitted with the latest technological equipments and manned by professionals. So the main factory which is not on the above picture is big.

No doubt he has what's good in mind for the people, however, the discipline is required. If there's no fiscal responsibility and financial discipline, you can have a ton of good stuff which will not worth it.

The Dubai dreams takes years of financial discipline/investment and less corrupt environment to come through. On that note, not only one person or groups of persons can achieve the Dubai dream, but EVERYONE. Anambra may be at it, but still far from the reality of Dubai dream.

Everyone in the world agrees Dubai is a soulless city built with and on slaves from Asia and East Africa. Don't look to Dubai when there are so many better less gaudy options. All the glitters....

Everyone in the world agrees Dubai is a soulless city built with and on slaves from Asia and East Africa. Don't look to Dubai when there are so many better less gaudy options. All the glitters....

i thought they already have varieties of soap in the market? well its a welcome development to the people of anambra.btw i know tony ezenna to be from orlu zone in imo state. i pray he extends his industry to imo too.we are in dire need of industries!

why dont u just move on with the topic instead of igniting a tribal conflict.haters will always be around to condemn or make mockery of anything good.so mechionu and face the topic!

Everyone in the world agrees Dubai is a soulless city built with and on slaves from Asia and East Africa. Don't look to Dubai when there are so many better less gaudy options. All the glitters....

Thank you, my brother. I've always said it on this forum that Dubai is just about the worst analogy one can use for a success story.

berem: why dont u just move on with the topic instead of igniting a tribal conflict.haters will always be around to condemn or make mockery of anything good.so mechionu and face the topic!

berem: why dont u just move on with the topic instead of igniting a tribal conflict.haters will always be around to condemn or make mockery of anything good.so mechionu and face the topic!

berem: why dont u just move on with the topic instead of igniting a tribal conflict.haters will always be around to condemn or make mockery of anything good.so mechionu and face the topic!

berem: why dont u just move on with the topic instead of igniting a tribal conflict.haters will always be around to condemn or make mockery of anything good.so mechionu and face the topic!

Y wuld people behav lite they are fooools on NL. U copy a whole thread 2write little or nothin while we hav all read it. This is stupiiidy.

GTB, FIDELITY, UBA Card: Which Is The Best For Online Payment? / The Access Intercontinental Bank Fraud In Picture / Counting Your Money At The ATM: Why?

 

insprocess of sugar manufacturing tant tea manufacturing process

Instant Tea Manufacturing Process

In the leaf tea manufacture process, the dryer exhaust containing aroma volatiles can be cooled to obtain an aqueous condensate containing aromavolatile compounds. The evaporator condensate stream in instant tea ...

Instant Tea Manufacturing Process

Patent 8257769 Issued on September 4, 2012. Estimated Expiration Date: December 10, 2028. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.

The invention relates to a process for recovering volatile compounds from an aqueous tea extract. The invention particularly relates to a process for recovering and concentrating tea volatile compounds e.g. aroma compounds from dilute aqueoustea condensate streams and other waste steams.

Tea is one of the most widely consumed beverage in the world. Tea is available in many forms e.g. as green tea, black tea, hot instant tea, iced tea etc.

Green tea is generally prepared by heat treating (e.g. by steaming or pan-frying) freshly picked leaves to arrest enzyme action and then subjecting the leaves to a series of drying and rolling steps.

Black tea is generally prepared by subjecting freshly picked tea leaves to a series of processing conditions including withering and macerating the fresh tea leaves, followed by fermentation which mainly contributes to the characteristic colour,flavour and aroma of black tea. The tea is dried at high temperature after fermentation to arrest the enzyme action and to bring down the moisture to a low level.

Green tea and black tea are products which are brewed in hot water to produce tea infusions in the hot water wherefrom the tea leaf insolubles have to be filtered before the infusions are consumed. Hot instant tea is a product which contains nowater insolubles. This hot instant tea product is fully soluble in hot water and this solubilized product can be consumed as such without any filtration. Iced tea is a product made from tea where the fully water-soluble fractions of tea are dissolvedin water with or without additional flavours and the dissolved tea solution is kept chilled in a refrigerator before it is consumed.

The process for the preparation of hot instant tea and iced tea are described in literature. One such description can be found in the reference book `Tea--Cultivation to Consumption` edited by K. C. Wilson & M. N. Clifford & published byChapman & Hall (1992).

Many tea manufacturing processes produce by-product streams that contain aroma volatile compounds. In the leaf tea manufacture process, the dryer exhaust containing aroma volatiles can be cooled to obtain an aqueous condensate containing aromavolatile compounds. The evaporator condensate stream in instant tea manufacturing processes also contains aroma volatile compounds. However, the aroma in these condensate streams is usually present at very low levels. Typically the concentration ofaroma volatiles in the condensate streams is below 500 mg/l, and often less than 50 mg/l and can be as low as 10 mg/l. This dilute nature of the aroma in the condensate streams restricts their application as a source of aroma for add-back. Thesecondensate steams are often not utilized or are limited in their use due to the extremely low concentrations. In many cases these streams are even discarded, leading to loss of precious aroma bearing compounds. This is because the known processes forrecovery of these compounds are either not technically and/or commercially viable or are very inefficient. Tea aroma is one of the most important factors for determining tea quality. Hence tea with good aroma profile fetches a premium in the market. Recovery of aroma volatile compounds from the condensate streams can provide a source of natural tea aroma that can be used for add-back and improving the aroma of the tea.

Many processes to recover and concentrate volatile compounds from dilute streams have been known and practised. These processes include reverse osmosis, distillation, cryoconcentration, freeze drying, staged/partial condensation and pressureswing adsorption. Distillation has always been one preferred process. GB 1061009 (Salada Foods, 1967) describes a process for recovery of aroma from aqueous tea streams using distillation carried out in an inert atmosphere. The present inventors havedetermined that using the method described in the GB publication, the quality of the tea aroma recaptured improves to a small extent but a large percentage of the aroma present in the tea aqueous extract can not be recovered using this process and thereare high losses.

It is an object of the present invention to provide for a process for the enhanced recovery of volatile compounds from aqueous tea extract streams like condensate streams from hot instant tea and ice tea manufacture.

It is another object of the present invention to provide for a process for the recovery of volatile compounds like aroma compounds in more concentrated forms as compared to known processes of the prior art.

According to the first aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for recovering volatile compounds from an aqueous tea extract by distilling the said extract by fractional distillation comprising condensing of vapours,separating the oil phase condensate from the aqueous phase and refluxing the substantially oil-free aqueous phase.

It is further particularly preferred that the fractional distillation is carried out in a distillation assembly that contains less than 5 volume percent of non-condensable gases prior commencing the distillation operation.

It is even further particularly preferably that the distillation assembly is filled with steam before commencing the distillation operation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for producing tea with enhanced aroma comprising mixing tea with the volatile compounds recovered by the first aspect of the invention.

"Tea" for the purposes of the present invention means material from Camellia sinensis var. sinensis or Camellia sinensis var. assamica. It also includes rooibos tea obtained from Aspalathus linearis. "Tea" is also intended to include theproduct of blending two or more of any of these materials.

The aqueous tea extract of this invention could be from any of the following tea sources: fermented tea (i.e. black tea), semi-fermented tea (i.e. oolong tea) and/or substantially unfermented tea (i.e. green tea). "Fermentation" refers to theoxidative and hydrolytic process that tea undergoes when certain endogenous enzymes and substrates are brought together, e.g., by mechanical disruption of the cells by maceration of the leaves. During this process colourless catechins in the leaves areconverted to a complex mixture of yellow and orange to dark-brown polyphenolic substances. Alternately and preferably the aqueous tea extract could be spent or waste condensate streams from processes for preparing hot instant tea/iced tea.

Many volatile compounds contribute to the aroma of tea. A list of most of the aroma volatile compounds is reported in `Tea--Cultivation to Consumption` edited by K. C. Wilson & M. N. Clifford & published by Chapman & Hall (1992). Some of theimportant tea aroma compounds from this list are acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, t,t-2,4-decadienal, b-damascenone, diacetyl, geraniol, c-4-heptenal, t,t-2,4-heptadienal, t-2-heptanal, 2,4-hexadienol, 1-hexanal, 1-hexanol, hexanoic acid,c-3-hexenol, t-2-hexenal, b-ionone, linalool & its oxides, methional, 2-methyl butanal, 3-methyl butanal, 2-methyl propanal, methyl sulphide, methyl salicylate, nerol, t-2,c-6-nonadienal, t,t-2,4-nonadienal, nonanal, octanal, t-2-octenal, 1-octene-3-ol,1-pentanol, t-2-pentenal, 1-penten-3-ol, phenylacetaldehyde, 2-phenylethanol, a-terpenial, and vanillin.

A number of aqueous condensate streams containing aroma volatiles are available or potentially available from tea manufacturing processes. The concentration of aroma volatiles in these aqueous condensate streams range from 10 mg/l to 500 mg/l.Such streams include the one from aroma capture from the dryer exhaust in leaf tea manufacture described in WO 2007/039018. Aroma stripping from tea extraction processes before its concentration has been described in patents GB 855 423, GB 1 490 370 andU.S. Pat. No. 3,717,472. All these processes result in aqueous aroma condensates. Similarly, the condensate collected in the evaporation stage for concentration of soluble solids also has aroma volatiles, though at very low levels.

In the present invention, the volatile compounds can be recovered from waste streams which would otherwise have fetched no value. The invention has the advantage in that the volatile compounds are recovered and concentrated to a low watercontent. The invention also provides for concentrating the aroma compounds to a form of nearly pure oil. The concentration of the volatile compounds by the process of the invention provides for improved economy when they are added back to tea toprepare aroma enriched tea. Since the concentrate has low water content, tea to which it is added requires very little or no subsequent drying to prepare an aroma enriched tea product. Hence the process preferably comprises simply spraying theconcentrate on to tea and packing the sprayed tea.

The first aspect of the present invention provides for a process for recovering volatile compounds from an aqueous tea extract comprising fractional distillation of said extract in a distillation assembly wherein the vapours are substantiallycondensed, the oil phase in the condensate is separated from the aqueous phase and the substantially oil-free aqueous phase is refluxed. The fractional distillation is preferably a multi-stage batch distillation.

The process preferably comprises substantial condensation of the overhead/rectified vapours. This may be achieved using cold traps, cold fingers or any other known condensation methods.

A preferred aspect of the invention provides for a process wherein the assembly contains less than 5 volume percent of non-condensable gases prior to charging the aqueous tea extract to said assembly.

A further preferred aspect provides for the distillation assembly to be substantially free of air or any other non-condensable gases before commencing the distillation operation. Most preferably the distillation assembly is filled with steambefore commencing the distillation operation. By the phrase `non-condensable gas` is meant to include those gases having a vapour pressure greater than 1 bar (absolute) at 0° C. Examples of commonly used non-condensable gases are air, oxygen,nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and helium.

The process of the invention is capable of recovering and concentrating aqueous tea extract which generally has 10 to 500 ppm of volatile compounds. Starting with such a concentration, the distillation process of the invention recovers andconcentrates the aroma compounds to a concentration higher than 20000 ppm. It is also possible to concentrate it to nearly pure oil. The inventors have used all the recovery and concentration equipments known to them and available in the art forconcentrating aqueous tea extracts and found that with known equipments, the extract could be concentrated by a factor of at most 40. Using the process of the invention, a concentration factor of greater than 80, sometimes greater than 100 could beobtained. It has also been found that out of the total amount of the volatile compounds in an aqueous tea extract, nearly 70 to 85 percent of the volatile compounds can be recovered by the process of the invention. Thus the losses are at most 30%.

The distillation assembly used for the process of the invention generally comprises a reboiler, a distillation column, a condenser and a liquid-liquid separator. The process is optimally operated when the volume ratio of the total feed to thereboiler to the total condensate hold up in the condenser and liquid-liquid separator at the conclusion of the distillation operation is higher than 100, preferably in the range of 100 to 2000, more preferably in the range of 100 to 500.

A very important advantage of the present invention is that the process can be carried out at close to ambient conditions of pressure i.e. pressures close to atmospheric. The distillation is generally carried out with reboiler temperatures near100° C., preferably in the temperature range of 80 to 100° C. The reboiler is heated to this temperature using any known heating means e.g. using a electrically heated resistance coils, or the reboiler could be jacketed and hot water orsteam could be passed through the jacket to heat the material being distilled.

A suitable method of ensuring that the distillation assembly does not comprise more than 5% non-condensable gases before commencing the distillation operation, is to fill it up with steam while purging the air out of the assembly. Steam may betapped form an external source e.g. a boiler and piped into the assembly. Alternately, a small amount of water is initially taken in the reboiler and all of the water is boiled off to steam to fill up the distillation assembly while the air is purgedout of the assembly.

A preferred method of ensuring high recovery and minimizing loss of volatiles is by following a practice wherein the aqueous tea extract desired to be concentrated is not added to the reboiler at the start of the process. Initially, water,which comprises a small percentage e.g. 5 to 10 wt % of the total aqueous tea extract feed to be distilled, is added to the reboiler. The distillation operation is started with this feed and a total reflux is established. The operation is carried outtill the air is purged from the column. Thereafter the aqueous tea extract is gradually added to the reboiler while ensuring that a reflux is maintained as the distillation process is carried out. It has been found that in a typical batch of 100 kg ofaqueous tea extract, the distillation operation can generally be completed in a time of 4 to 6 hours.

The distillation assembly has a distillation column which is preferably filled with packings which preferably provides a low hold up in the range of 10 to 20%. To achieve this end, packings are generally chosen from structured packings, wiremesh packings, saddles or Raschig rings. The packed column for the process of the invention is generally kept short and usually does not require more than 10 equilibrium stages, preferably 3 to 5 equilibrium stages. Having such short columns alsoensures lower equipment cost and thereby improves the commercial viability of the process. A preferred condition for carrying out the process of the invention comprises carrying out the distillation at a low boil-up rate, preferably in the range of 30to 40% of flooding. The distillation is preferably carried out under near total reflux conditions.

The distillation assembly preferably has a condenser that is a shell and tube condenser, preferably vertically mounted. The vapors are preferably be fed to the vertical condenser from the top. The vapors are preferably be fed to the tube sideof the condenser.

The distillation assembly is preferably operated at conditions that ensure minimal or substantially no internal reflux. This is ensured, for example, by providing good insulation on all the units and pipelines where flow of vapours occurs. Ensuring minimal or substantially no internal reflux is especially important during the start-up stage to ensure minimal loss and maximum recovery of volatile compounds. This is achieved, for example, by ensuring that the distillation column isexternally heated during start-up. The heating may be by known method e.g. by providing steam in a jacket around the distillation column.

It has also been determined that the pipelines for transporting the vapours in the distillation assembly are preferably of a small diameter. It is especially preferred that the ratio of the diameter of the liquid-liquid separator to thediameter of the pipeline downstream of it is greater than 2, preferably in the range of 2 to 20, more preferably in the range of 10 to 20.

As shown in FIG. 1 the distillation assembly comprises a reboiler (E1) equipped with a jacket (J1) to which aqueous tea extract can be added through valve (V1) and residue can be drained using valve (V2). The assembly is equipped with a packedcolumn (E2) filled with Raschig ring packings. A vertical shell and tube heat exchanger (E3) is provided to condense the volatiles. A valve (V3) is provided on condenser (E3) to drain any condensate. A liquid-liquid separator (E4) is provideddownstream of the condenser to collect the concentrated volatile compounds. Various liquid-liquid separators may be used. Preferred ratio of the volume of the reboiler to that of the liquid-liquid separator is in the range of 50 to 2000, morepreferably in the range of 100 to 500. A valve (V4) is provided at the top of the liquid-liquid separator as an oil overflow valve. A product discharge valve (V6) as shown is provided to collect the concentrated volatile compounds. A reflux valve (V5)is provided to control the reflux ratio at which the distillation is carried out.

When in use, calculated amount of water is first added to the reboiler (E1), the water in the reboiler is heated by passing steam in the jacket (J1). As the water in the reboiler boils to form steam, the steam is allowed to fill up all parts ofthe distillation assembly, and the air is purged from the assembly using the various vent valves. When the distillation assembly is substantially filled up with the condensable gas viz. steam, the aqueous tea extract is added to the reboiler to beginthe distillation. Initially a part of the total amount of tea extract is added to the reboiler. The overhead vapours are condensed in the condenser, the oil phase in the condensate is separated from the aqueous phase and the substantially oil-freeaqueous phase is refluxed. The reflux valve is adjusted to the desired position to get the desired reflux ratio. As the process attains close to steady state operation, the rest of the tea extract is added intermittently to the reboiler. The reboileris usually kept filled to 5 to 70 volume percent filling. As the distillation proceeds, the concentrated volatile compounds collect in the liquid-liquid separator (E4). At the end of the process, the concentrated volatile compounds are drained throughvalve (V6) and collected as desired.

A batch of 20 L of aqueous tea extract having 200 mg/l of volatile aroma compounds was distilled using the process of the invention using the distillation assembly as shown in FIG. 1. In the distillation assembly, the volume of the reboiler was40 liters. A two meter tall glass column filled with Sulzer BX packing was used. The volume of condensate collected was 1000 ml. About 3 liters of water was used initially to purge the air out of the assembly and to saturate it with steam prior toaddition of the tea extract. A two-phase condensate appears almost at the start of distillation--the lighter phase being the oil phase while the heavier phase being the aqueous phase. Care was taken to separate the two phases and only the aqueous phasewas refluxed to the distillation column during the entire operation. The results in terms of (a) percent of volatile compounds lost, (b) the concentration ratio and (c) the % recovery were determined and are summarized in Table-1.

A batch at exactly the same conditions as in Example-1 was carried out except that no water was used to saturate the assembly prior to adding the tea extract . The distillation was started with air filled in the void spaces of the distillationassembly. The corresponding results are summarized in Table-1.

A batch of 144 L of aqueous tea extract having 346 mg/l of volatile aroma compounds was distilled using the process of the invention using the distillation assembly as shown in FIG. 1. About 6 liters of water was used initially to purge the airout of the assembly and to saturate it with steam prior to addition of the tea extract . A two-phase condensate appears almost at the start of distillation--the lighter phase being the oil phase while the heavier phase being the aqueous phase. Care wastaken to separate the two phases and only the aqueous phase was refluxed to the distillation column during the entire operation. The distillation was carried out by gradually adding the tea extract to the reboiler over a period of 8 hours. The totaltime of distillation was 10 hours. In the distillation assembly the volume of the reboiler was 200 liters. About 335 ml of total distillate product rich in aroma was recovered from the liquid-liquid separator of which 30 ml was aroma in pure oil phase. The corresponding results are summarized in Table-1.

A batch of 100 L of aqueous tea extract having 302 mg/l of volatile aroma compounds was distilled using the process of the invention using the distillation assembly and the process similar to Example-3. About 800 ml of condensate rich in aromawas recovered from the liquid-liquid separator. The corresponding results are summarized in Table-1.

A batch distillation run similar to Example-4 was carried out except that the reflux comprised of a mix of oil and aqueous phases. The corresponding results are summarized in Table-1.

Where F is the amount of aroma compound in the feed, P is the amount of aroma compound in the product, B is the amount of aroma compound in the residue and L is the amount of aroma compound lost in the process.

The data in Table-1 indicates that the loss of volatile aroma compounds in the examples as per the invention (Examples 1 to 4) is much less as compared to process of the prior art (Example 5). Also the % recovery in the examples as per theinvention is significantly better then the example of the prior art. Further, with the process of the present invention, product having higher concentration of aroma compounds can be prepared as compared to the prior art.

Experiments were conducted in a distillation assembly similar to that shown in FIG. 1 except that (i) the volume of the reboiler was 10 liters; (ii) the volume of the condenser was 43 ml and (iii) the column was 1 m long packed and had adiameter of 38 mm. It was packed with glass Raschig rings of diameter 12 mm and length 12 mm. Experiments were done to concentrate aqueous solutions of two model aroma compounds present in tea extract solution. The two model compounds used were2-methyl propanal (which is a low boiling compound) and Linalool (which is a relatively high boiling compound). The experiments were conducted similar to Example-1 except that the following conditions were used:

In Experiments 6, 8 and 9 about three liters of feed were fed to the reboiler over the course of distillation. In Experiments 7, 10 and 11, about 5 liters of feed were fed to the reboiler over the course of distillation. In all the experiments30% of the feed was boiled over.

The distillation was conducted after purging the assembly of air and filling with steam prior to the start of distillation. The feed was added gradually over a period of 3 hours and the total time of distillation was 4 hours.

The distillation was conducted starting with air present in the assembly. The reboiler was filled with all of the feed at the beginning of the experiment. The total time of distillation was 4 hours.

The distillation was conducted after purging the assembly of air and filling with nitrogen prior to start of distillation. Nitrogen flow was stopped gradually once the system filled up with the vapours of the feed. The total time ofdistillation was 4 hours.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Concentration Model Concentration in product, Concentration % % Example compound in feed, mg/L mg/L ratio recovery losses 6 2-methyl 97 4905 51 54.8 15.0 propanal 8 2-methyl 133 950 7.2 6.6 92.4 propanal 9 2-methyl 96 72

Process of Sugar Manufacturing

Renmatix, manufacturer of cellulosic sugars for biobased chemical and fuel markets, has announced the opening of a new research and development center in Pennsylvania. ... facility is to accelerate the company's exploration of new sustainable feedstock sources, assist downstream customers in their transition to cellulosic sugars, and further enhance the economics of the Plantrose process to produce the lowest cost sugar intermediates for renewable materials.

Process of Sugar Manufacturing

Sustainable Plant - Manufacturing Best Practices for the Energy Efficient Industry Professional. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn RSS Follow Us:

Share on emailEmail Share on printPrint Share on tweetRenmatix, manufacturer of cellulosic sugars for biobased chemical and fuel markets, has announced the opening of a new research and development center in Pennsylvania. The multi-million-dollar facility is to accelerate the company’s exploration of new sustainable feedstock sources, assist downstream customers in their transition to cellulosic sugars, and further enhance the economics of the Plantrose process to produce the lowest cost sugar intermediates for renewable materials.

The proprietary Plantrose process converts cellulosic biomass – from wood waste to agricultural residue – into useful, cost-effective sugars. The supercritical hydrolysis technology deconstructs non-food biomass an order of magnitude faster than other processes and uses no significant consumables. Renmatix operations in Georgia are currently capable of converting three dry tons of cellulosic biomass to Plantro sugar per day.

“With this new facility, Renmatix will apply its deep technical expertise to expand our feedstock processing capabilities and partner with customers, ranging from emerging biochemical players to Fortune 500 corporations, to incorporate our Plantro sugars into their manufacturing processes,” said Manuk Colakyan, CTO, Renmatix. “We’ve already proven Renmatix’s technology is cost-competitive. Now, we’re looking to further reduce costs as we scale to commercial production.”

Last month, Renmatix announced a joint development agreement with Waste Management to explore the viability of using Renmatix's water-based technology to produce industrial sugars from post-consumer urban waste, including food scraps, construction debris, and paper. The new technical center, equipped with an experienced research staff of chemistry, biology, and process experts, will lead the analysis of urban waste streams, and more than 50 types of sustainable biomass that are available around the world, as future feedstocks for the Plantrose process.

Renmatix’s Plantrose process uses supercritical water – a state in which water acts as a solvent – to economically and efficiently deconstruct a wide range of non-food plant material in a continuous reaction to extract cellulosic sugars. Cellulosic sugars, derived from non-food plant material, are the building blocks of plantrochemicals (petrochemicals made from plants) and the emerging bioeconomy.

You cannot post comments until you have logged in, and have an appropriate permission level. Login here or register for a new account. There’

Saving energy at your facility is just one way to help lower its bottom-line. To really save some money you’re going to have to ‘green’ you plant from the ground up. Learn proven best practices and gain insights from the manufacturing industries brightest facility managers by subscribing to our special issue of Sustainable Plant: Optimal Savings.

When we receive an informative submission from a trusted source that is not or cannot be named, we edit it as needed to match our priorities, publish it and identify the byline as “Sustainable Plant Staff.”

The company’s Acme electrical devices meet criteria established by the company for its Eco-Certified designation. Demonstrating its commitment for a better, cleaner environment, a company has developed an eco-certification designation for a variety of its industrial products, including the company’s entire line of Acme electrical devices. The company’s Acme electrical devices meet criteria established by the company for its Eco-Certified designation:

 17.5 7.3 91.

The data in Table-2 indicates that superior recovery can be obtained using a preferred aspect of the invention (Examples 6 and 7). Further, the losses using the preferred process of the invention are much lower.

“Rasavana Prash: A Herbal Food for Immunity Promotion”, Chakrapani website, Chakrapani Ayurveda Clinic & Research Center, India; 2004.

Siripurapu et al., “Adaptogenic and anti-amnesic properties of Evolvulus alsinoides in rodents” Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, (2005), vol. 81, pp. 424-432.

Gautam et al., “Immunoadjuvant potential of Asparagus racemosus aqueous extract in experimental system”, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, *2004) vol. 91, pp. 251-255.

 

product life cycle management

Product Life Cycle Management

Rapid industry growth, competition, the regulatory environment and an inherent need to streamline operations are driving more and more medical device manufacturers to adopt technology solutions like PLM (product lifecycle ...

Product Life Cycle Management

Silicon Strategies Digital Editions EE Times: Confidential Hot Topics Consumer Electronics Mobile World Congress Design West EE Life Blogs Message Boards Engineering Careers Design Designlines Audio Automotive CommsDesign EDA Embedded Internet Industrial Control MCU Medical Memory Military & Aerospace Planet Analog Power Management Programmable Logic RF & Microwave Signal Processing Smart Energy Test & Measurement Design Tools Reference Designs Development Kits Source Code Products Product Reviews Product How Tos Product Releases Company Directory Product Categories Advanced Technology Analog Boards/Buses Electromechanical Embedded Tools FPGAs/PLDs IP/EDA Logic & Interfaces Memory Operating Systems Optoelectronics Passives Power Processors RF/Microwave Sensors & Transducers Test & Measurement Education & Training Tech Papers Courses Fundamentals Webinars Events Design West ESC Boston ESC Chicago ESC Brazil ESC India Embedded Live ARM Techcon DesignCon Virtual Conferences Video Embedded.

 

Cooking

Cooking

You'd be surprised at how cooking with tea can enhance the flavor of foods, making a meal truly memorable. The many varieties of tea, whether green, white or black, and flowery, earthy or spicy, contribute subtle aromas and ...

Cooking

If you think tea is only for drinking, think again! You’d be surprised at how cooking with tea can enhance the flavor of foods, making a meal truly memorable. The many varieties of tea, whether green, white or black, and flowery, earthy or spicy, contribute subtle aromas and delicate flavors to many wonderful but not necessarily complicated dishes.

You can use brewed tea in place of water in many recipes and you can also use tea leaves directly in your dishes. Before beginning your culinary adventure with tea, remember these few simple tips:

Trust your palate! Make sure the tea smells good and sounds appealing with the type of food you are preparing (fruit, grains, meats, salads, etc.).

Remember, there are thousands of varieties of tea from all over the world, each with their own unique characteristics. Green and white teas tend to be on the mellow side while black tea is strong and full-bodied. Many teas have added flowers, spices, herbs or fruits, offering a range of flavors and aromas including flowery, earthy, grassy, sweet, spicy and smoky. Take this into consideration when choosing the right tea for your recipe.

Grind tea leaves in a spice or coffee grinder, or a pepper mill; add to spices and herbs and use as a rub for meats, tofu or tempeh. Try this Green Tea and Tamarind-Marinated Tofu with Vegetables.

Add a favorite tea bag to melted butter, warmed oil or melted clarified butter (ghee). Cover and steep for several minutes before removing the tea. Delicious with grain dishes, soups, stews, fish and vegetables.

Add brewed tea in place of water when making soups and stews, baking breads and quick breads, or poaching fish like this White Tea Poached Salmon.

Save that leftover brewed tea! Use it as a marinade for meats or an addition to sauces or gravies. Here’s a recipe for Green Tea Marinated Sirloin Tips.

If you’re a fan of spinach or chard, green tea is similar in flavor. Enjoy adding the leaves to vegetables while cooking or, once brewed, chopped and added to salads or stirred into eggs before scrambling or making an omelet.

Poach dried fruits, apples, peaches and pears in tea for breakfast, snack or dessert, like in these Ginger and Jasmine Tea Poached Pears.

Remember, brewed tea leaves make great plant food, too. Use them to feed your compost pile and as mulch for indoor and outdoor plants. You can even water your plants with leftover brewed tea. They love it!

Don’t know us? In a nutshell, we are the world's leading natural and organic grocer and we’re passionate about healthy food and a healthy planet. Learn more about us.

We’re lucky to have a whole bunch of smart, passionate people doing incredible things in areas like organics, supporting local growers, green practices, fair trade, micro-lending and all kinds of food related stuff. We’ll use this blog to share some of the cool things going on around here.

 

link

kambing kambing untuk di jual kandang kambing ternakan kambing goat milk goat milk online what abou when the world will end in 2012 end of earth in 2012 is the end in 2012 2012 will be the end of the world the world will end on 2012 2012 is this the end www 2012 end of world why 2012 is the end reason why the world will end in 2012 is the world to end in 2012 how will the world end on 2012 how will the world in 2012 what is the latest earthquake kentucky derby hotel packages kentucky derby decoration ideas line up for kentucky derby kentucky derby pie recipe kentucky derby prep races 2011 kentucky derby travel packages kentucky derby hats for men cheap kentucky derby tickets kentucky derby millionaires row 2010 kentucky derby past performances men s kentucky derby hats tickets for the kentucky derby 2011 pictures of kentucky derby hats hotels near the kentucky derby kentucky derby winner 2009 kentucky derby hats history 1972 kentucky derby winner inexpensive kentucky derby hats for women cheap kentucky derby hats for women kentucky derby themed bridal shower tickets for kentucky derby daily racing form kentucky derby nbc kentucky derby contest kentucky derby hats for women cheap entries for kentucky derby kentucky derby race horses tickets to the kentucky derby 2011 dress for kentucky derby what is the kentucky derby kentucky derby appetizer recipes how to get kentucky derby tickets kentucky derby clothing for men kentucky derby 2011 packages horse racing in kentucky tickets to the kentucky derby kentucky derby hats and dresses kentucky derby morning line when is 2011 kentucky derby where is kentucky derby kentucky derby glasses for sale vineyard vines kentucky derby pictures of kentucky derby results of the kentucky derby dresses for the kentucky derby kentucky derby glasses price guide watch the kentucky derby live kentucky derby museum gift shop kentucky derby winners 2010 where is the kentucky derby held facts about the kentucky derby kentucky derby race schedule kentucky derby party recipes best kentucky derby hats dresses for kentucky derby kentucky derby womens hats 2010 kentucky derby horses kentucky derby party hats kentucky derby 2012 tickets kentucky derby dresses and hats kentucky derby official site kentucky derby outfits for women names of horses in kentucky derby kentucky derby 2011 hats kentucky derby dresses for sale kentucky derby 2009 results kentucky derby prep races 2011 kentucky derby dates who won the 2010 kentucky derby what to wear to kentucky derby kentucky derby horse list how much are kentucky derby tickets kentucky derby race results kentucky derby final results horses running in the kentucky derby 1902 kentucky derby winner kentucky derby horse numbers kentucky derby tv coverage who won kentucky derby 2010 kentucky derby full results kentucky derby tickets for sale free kentucky derby picks watch the kentucky derby online when is the kentucky derby held kentucky derby 2011 parties kentucky derby seating chart kentucky derby horses names watch kentucky derby live kentucky derby kentucky derby where is churchill downs list of kentucky derby winners kentucky derby party decorations hats for the kentucky derby kentucky derby party games list of kentucky derby horses kentucky derby hat ideas kentucky derby mint julep recipe who won the kentucky derby 2010 kentucky derby mint julep glasses kentucky derby mint julep when does the kentucky derby start kentucky derby expert picks kentucky derby live stream women s kentucky derby hats kentucky derby ladies hats kentucky derby 2011 entries kentucky derby hats pictures kentucky derby on tv where to buy kentucky derby hats kentucky derby infield pictures nbc sports kentucky derby kentucky derby fashion for women kentucky derby party food kentucky derby hats men kentucky derby live feed results of kentucky derby kentucky derby food recipes 2011 kentucky derby entries 2009 kentucky derby winner 1973 kentucky derby results kentucky derby winners list kentucky derby tv schedule kentucky derby 2010 date horse racing kentucky derby kentucky derby dresses 2011 horses in kentucky derby past kentucky derby winners who won kentucky derby kentucky derby past performances kentucky derby t shirts kentucky derby 2011 dates kentucky derby attire for men 2011 kentucky derby tickets kentucky derby party menu kentucky derby winner 2010 nbc kentucky derby coverage winner of kentucky derby kentucky derby horse names kentucky derby 2010 winner buy kentucky derby tickets horses in the kentucky derby tickets for the kentucky derby kentucky derby ticket prices 2009 kentucky derby results kentucky derby 2011 ticket prices kentucky derby attire for women when is kentucky derby 2011 kentucky derby 2012 date kentucky derby festival 2011 when is the 2011 kentucky derby kentucky derby 2010 horses watch kentucky derby online kentucky derby style hats date of kentucky derby 2011 kentucky derby date 2011 kentucky derby hats for women where is the kentucky derby kentucky derby food ideas tickets to kentucky derby 2011 kentucky derby entries 2011 kentucky derby tickets general admission kentucky derby events 2011 who won the kentucky derby kentucky derby racing form kentucky derby party favors kentucky derby tickets 2012 kentucky derby 2011 tickets kentucky derby line up kentucky derby themed party 2010 kentucky derby results 2010 kentucky derby winner kentucky derby tickets 2011 2011 kentucky derby date kentucky derby dates 2011 kentucky derby 2010 results kentucky derby post positions kentucky derby 2011 contenders when is the kentucky derby 2011 kentucky derby churchill downs kentucky derby hats cheap kentucky derby 2011 horses tickets to kentucky derby the kentucky derby 2011 kentucky derby infield tickets cheap kentucky derby hats when is the kentucky derby hats for kentucky derby kentucky derby hats for sale kentucky derby party invitations kentucky derby party ideas 2011 kentucky derby contenders kentucky derby 2011 date kentucky derby party supplies dick clark bio 2010 dick clark bio wiki dick clark bio imdb dick clark bio com dick clark news years eve 2010 dick clark news years 2011 dick clark news years eve 2011 dick clark news 2010 tony mitton and ant parker books tony mitton and ant parker tony parker and wife biography of tony parker tony parker latest news tony parker thierry henry eva and tony parker divorce tony parker san antonio tony parker cheats on eva tony parker tony parker tony parker & eva longoria tony parker premier love lyrics tony parker contract extension tony parker height and weight tony parker erin berry pictures of tony parker eva longoria & tony parker eva longoria and tony parker split tony parker basketball shoes tony parker shoes 2011 tony parker s age tony parker basketball reference tony parker to knicks eva longoria parker and tony parker tony parker to lakers tony parker s house eva longoria tony parker split tony parker text messages eva and tony parker tony parker s girlfriend tony parker cheating on eva erin berry tony parker is tony parker black eva longoria divorce tony parker who is tony parker dating tony parker net worth tony parker and erin barry tony parker new girlfriend brent barry tony parker eva longoria tony parker divorce tony parker miller grove tony parker s wife tony parker eva longoria divorce tony parker trade rumors tony parker and eva longoria divorce eva longoria and tony parker divorce tony parker and eva longoria tony parker brent barry erin barry tony parker tony parker erin barry eva longoria and tony parker baseball player profile pages minor league baseball players search ivan rodriguez autographed baseball ivan rodriguez baseball reference major league all star game minor league baseball player search is the world end in 2012 the earth will end in 2012 what will in 2012 the of the world 2012 will the end of the world be in 2012 does the world end 2012 do the world end in 2012 how the world will end 2012 about 2012 end of the world 2012 will be the end latest earthquake in world why will world end in 2012 latest on 2012 predictions the end the world 2012 will the world end at 2012 how could the world end in 2012 earthquake in the ocean tsunami in the ocean when was the latest earthquake the world of 2012 the world to end in 2012 how will 2012 end the end in 2012 where was the latest earthquake will it be the end of the world in 2012 2012 world will end things happening in 2012 earthquakes sign of end times the end of world 2012 world to end 2012 2012 end of the world what will happen latest news on earthquakes what will actually happen in 2012 how will world end in 2012 earthquakes in the news 2012 and end of the world is 2012 end of the world things that will happen in 2012 end of the world 2012 wiki what will end the world in 2012 in 2012 what will happen the world end 2012 when the world will end 2012 when will world end in 2012 how will the world end 2012 the end of 2012 in of the world 2012 end the world 2012 end of the 2012 20 12 end of the world 2012 why the world will end 2012 will it really happen 2012 what will really happen the world will end 2012 latest earthquake in the world 2012 how the world will end 2012 los angeles earthquake will the world in in 2012 when will the world end 2012 end of earth 2012 will world end 2012 does world end 2012 news about the earthquake 2012 when will the world end recent earthquakes and tsunamis world to end in 2012 2012 how will the world end latest news on earthquake 2012 is it the end of the world when does the world end 2012 recent earthquakes and 2012 what will end the world 2012 the world will end reasons why the world will end in 2012 latest earthquakes in world in 2012 will the world end how the world will end in 2012 the end of the world in 2012 what will happen on 2012 2012 end of times end of world in 2012 will the world end on 2012 2012 is the end of the world news on earthquakes today will world end in 2012 end of times 2012 2012 what will happen when in 2012 will the world end 2012 and the end of the world will the world in 2012 will 2012 be the end of the world is 2012 the end of the world the world end in 2012 big earthquake in 2012 what will really happen in 2012 world will end in 2012 when does the world end in 2012 will the world end 2012 how will the world end in 2012 the 2012 end of the world will 2012 really happen why the world will end in 2012 2012 will the world end end of the world in 2012 does the world end in 2012 latest earthquakes in the world what will happen in 2012 world end in 2012 when will the world end in 2012 the end of the world 2012 earthquakes today in the world why will the world end in 2012 2012 the end of the world the world will end in 2012 mayan calendar end of the world the world in 2012 earthquakes 2012 end of world end of the world 2012 end of world 2012 2012 end of world will the world end in 2012 2012 end of the world 2011 mock draft baseball draft picks by school baseball fantasy draft 2011 3rd round mock draft baseball auction draft strategy 2011 mock football draft 2011 mls mock draft 3 round mock draft 2 round mock draft gil brandt mock draft 2011 mike mayock mock draft 2010 baylor quarterback robert griffin mock draft 2011 football mock nhl draft 2011 national football league standings 2011 mock draft kiper national football league schedule mel kiper final mock draft round 2 draft picks nhl 2010 mock draft walterfootball 2011 mock draft fantasy mock draft results mock draft football 2011 mock draft baseball 2011 rick gosselin 2010 mock draft mcshay 2011 mock draft kiper 2011 mock draft 2011 mock baseball draft mel kiper mock draft 2010 mayock 2011 mock draft mock football draft 2011 mock draft for 2011 mls mock draft 2011 todd mcshay 2010 mock draft nhl mock draft 2010 fox sports mock draft 2011 mock draft football free fantasy mock draft new mock draft 2011 pro football mock draft 2011 baseball fantasy mock draft 2011 patriots mock draft fantasy footbal mock draft 2011 wnba mock draft 2011 mock nhl draft mel kiper jr mock draft 2011 mike mayock s mock draft nhl fantasy mock draft mock draft mel kiper make a mock draft vikings mock draft 2011 day 2 mock draft walter mock draft 2011 2011 mel kiper mock draft updated 2011 mock draft patriots mock draft 2011 mock draft 2011 mel kiper eagles mock draft 2011 rob rang mock draft mel kiper jr mock draft mock baseball draft 2011 mel kipers mock draft 2011 patriots 2011 mock draft 2011 football mock draft todd mcshay 2011 mock draft make your own mock draft 2011 10 team mock draft mayock s mock draft 2011 mel kiper s mock draft 2011 fantasy mock draft colts first round draft picks 12 team ppr mock draft football fantasy mock draft mel kiper jr 2011 mock draft 16 team mock draft what is a mock draft nhl 2011 mock draft mock draft 2011 baseball todd mcshay mock draft 2011 mcshay mock draft 2011 12 team mock draft walter football 2011 mock draft wnba mock draft 2011 rick gosselin mock draft mock draft round 2 mike mayock 2010 mock draft did tony parker cheat kentucky derby hats 2011 kentucky oaks tickets 2011 location of kentucky derby kentucky derby 2011 schedule hats at the kentucky derby hotels near kentucky derby kentucky derby clip art free list of derby horses kentucky derby hat contest names of kentucky derby horses womens kentucky derby hats official kentucky derby website kentucky derby dresses pictures kentucky derby party supplies 2011 kentucky derby watch live hats at kentucky derby 1973 kentucky derby field ladies kentucky derby hats mint julep recipe kentucky derby hat for kentucky derby church hill downs museum derby hats for women 2011 kentucky derby glasses food for kentucky derby party history of churchill downs super saver kentucky derby kentucky derby run for the roses hotels in louisville kentucky kentucky derby 2011 party supplies churchill downs derby tickets history of the kentucky derby where is kentucky derby located winner of 2010 kentucky derby kentucky derby 2011 events kentucky derby party theme where is kentucky derby held 2010 kentucky derby replay the end of times 2012 last news about 2012 second round mock draft 14 team mock draft nhl mock draft 2012 2010 nhl mock draft pat kirwan mock draft 2011 football mock draft 2011 mel kiper 2010 mock draft round 2 mock draft 2nd round mock draft latest mock draft 2011 7 round mock draft 2011 baseball mock draft baseball mock draft 2011 2012 nhl mock draft mel kiper 2011 mock draft mike mayock 2011 mock draft nhl mock draft 2011 walter football mock draft kiper mock draft 2011 mike mayock mock draft 2011 rick gosselin 2011 mock draft mel kipers 2011 mock draft mayock mock draft 2011 2011 nhl mock draft north korean military strength 2011 mock draft mel kiper mel kiper mock draft 2011 latest pictures of jennifer hudson recent picture of jennifer hudson jennifer hudson and david otunga pictures jennifer hudson new album 2010 jennifer hudson s movies jennifer hudson and husband and baby new jennifer hudson album jennifer hudson latest songs jennifer hudson pregnant pics new pictures of jennifer hudson biography on jennifer hudson jennifer hudson music list jennifer hudson cd cover jennifer hudson new pics jennifer hudson movies list jennifer hudson songs on new album jennifer hudson new album tracks jennifer hudson and david otunga wedding all jennifer hudson songs jennifer hudson concert tickets picture of jennifer hudson baby jennifer hudson on tour jennifer hudson email address jennifer hudsons new cd jennifer hudson pictures 2010 the new jennifer hudson jennifer hudson s songs music by jennifer hudson recent pics of jennifer hudson jennifer hudson christmas cd jennifer hudson cd track list jennifer hudson wedding pics jennifer hudson latest cd jennifer hudson in chicago jennifer hudson husband and baby listen to jennifer hudson new album jennifer hudson mother funeral pics of jennifer hudson baby did jennifer hudson get married yet jennifer hudson new music jennifer hudson new movie jennifer hudson biography wikipedia jennifer hudson new look facts about jennifer hudson jennifer hudson contact information jennifer hudson album track list jennifer hudson baby pictures 2010 jennifer hudson baby pictures of son jennifer hudson family funeral jennifer hudson s mom jennifer hudson first album jennifer hudson new release jennifer hudson oscar dress all about jennifer hudson jennifer hudson weight loss 2010 jennifer hudson husband punk jennifer hudson in concert is jennifer hudson illuminati jennifer hudson and baby jennifer hudson and david otunga split jennifer hudson new songs who is jennifer hudson engaged to is jennifer hudson in the illuminati latest on jennifer hudson jennifer hudson and illuminati jennifer hudson latest album jennifer hudson s new cd jennifer hudson and david otunga married jennifer hudson gospel songs jennifer hudson new body jennifer hudson spotlight video jennifer hudson album cover jennifer hudson baby boy new jennifer hudson song jennifer hudson dream girls jennifer hudson new album songs jennifer hudson and son jennifer hudson s wedding jennifer hudson s boyfriend jennifer hudson cd 2011 songs by jennifer hudson jennifer hudson weight loss pictures jennifer hudson s new album jennifer hudson oscars 2011 is jennifer hudson pregnant jennifer hudson s weight loss jennifer hudson music videos jennifer hudson married david otunga is jennifer hudson married yet jennifer hudson s new song jennifer hudson new album track list jennifer hudson i remember me album jennifer hudson baby daddy jennifer hudson album 2011 jennifer hudson official website jennifer hudson song list jennifer hudson songs list jennifer hudson feeling good jennifer hudson new cd 2011 jennifer hudson remember me jennifer hudson spotlight lyrics jennifer hudson husband wrestler jennifer hudson wedding pictures jennifer hudson new song 2011 jennifer hudson new single jennifer hudson story about family jennifer hudson i remember me tracklist jennifer hudson before and after jennifer hudson s baby jennifer hudson tour 2011 jennifer hudson family murders update jennifer hudson family tragedy update jennifer hudson tragedy story jennifer hudson new album 2011 jennifer hudson family pictures jennifer hudson s childhood jennifer hudson s family murders jennifer hudson jennifer hudson jennifer hudson new album tracklist jennifer hudson murders update jennifer hudson s nephew david otunga and jennifer hudson jennifer hudson death of family members jennifer hudson mother and brother jennifer hudson s tragedy jennifer hudson david otunga i remember me jennifer hudson gregory king jennifer hudson william balfour jennifer hudson jennifer hudson nephew found recent pictures of jennifer hudson jennifer hudson s house information on jennifer hudson latest news on jennifer hudson what happened to jennifer hudson jennifer hudson husband and son jennifer hudson family killer jennifer hudson nephew murdered biography of jennifer hudson jennifer hudson mom murdered jennifer hudson s mother is jennifer hudson dead pictures of jennifer hudson baby jennifer hudson and family jennifer hudson murdered family jennifer hudsons family murdered jennifer hudson s sister julia jennifer hudson sacrifices family jennifer hudson brother in law jennifer hudson behind the music jennifer hudson mother murdered behind the music jennifer hudson did jennifer hudson sacrifice her family jennifer hudson blood sacrifice jennifer hudson s family murdered jennifer hudson s husband jennifer hudson s family tragedy who is jennifer hudson s husband jennifer hudson family death jennifer hudson illuminati sacrifice jennifer hudson concert schedule 2011 jennifer hudson and her husband david otunga jennifer hudson how old is jennifer hudson jennifer hudson family murdered latest south korean news north korea news latest news now north korea military strength of north korea north korean government facts latest news of north korea north korea english news threat of north korea issues with north korea recent news north korea nuclear power north korea latest news from north korea current situation in north korea north korea nuclear capability conflict in north korea the economy of north korea current event on north korea north korea nuclear threats info on north korea recent news on north korea current issues in north korea north korea current issues north korean news service latest north korean news north korea biological weapons tours to north korea trips to north korea north korean nuclear crisis nuclear crisis in north korea travelling to north korea north korea nuclear testing north korea today news holidays in north korea south korea and north korea news situation in north korea north korea map google current events on north korea united states north korea north korea nuclear crisis north korea nuclear weapons 2010 current event in north korea issues in north korea economy in north korea hotels in north korea north korean official news information about north korea dictatorship in north korea north korea nuclear weapons program trip to north korea north korea type of economy north korea news in english north korean news paper north korea war 2011 north korea news update tourism in north korea north korean economy facts north korea foreign policy life in north korea today world news north korea flights to north korea north korea nuclear weapons 2011 is north korea a threat north korean nuclear program north korea food shortage 2011 north korea news english north korea nuclear power china north korea relations facts on north korea current events north korea information on north korea north korea military news north korea nuclear test 2011 type of economy in north korea nuclear weapons north korea famine in north korea north korea official news latest on north korea north korea food aid north korea in the news north korea air force government in north korea bbc news north korea human rights in north korea is north korea democratic starvation in north korea news for north korea official north korea website welcome to north korea official website of north korea korean central news agency latest news north korea latest news about north korea military in north korea government of north korea china and north korea north korea and nuclear weapons north korea daily news war with north korea south korea north korea news is north korea communist breaking news north korea nuclear weapons in north korea north korea news paper current news on north korea recent news in north korea south korea vs north korea north korea news service history of north korea news of north korea current events in north korea north korea recent news population of north korea current news in north korea current north korea news north korea current events facts about north korea current news north korea latest news in north korea north korea latest news north korean news agency problems in north korea vice news north korea north korea breaking news news in north korea north korea news website traveling to north korea economy of north korea news from north korea north korea 2011 news north korea nuclear news news about north korea north korea state news recent north korea news north korea current news travel to north korea north korea news today latest news on north korea north korea nuclear program news on north korea infield tickets kentucky derby price of kentucky derby tickets kentucky derby oaks tickets horses racing in the kentucky derby the kentucky derby facts make your own kentucky derby hat kentucky derby racing forms white kentucky derby hats start of kentucky derby kentucky derby jockey silks kentucky derby 2010 post positions kentucky derby results history number of horses in kentucky derby past kentucky derby results the history of kentucky last kentucky derby winner hotels for the kentucky derby order of finish kentucky derby kentucky derby race program 2010 kentucky derby video who is favored to win the kentucky derby the kentucky derby 2010 the kentucky derby horses kentucky derby horses list the oaks kentucky derby kentucky derby triple crown winners kentucky derby horse winners the kentucky derby museum kentucky derby graded earnings who is racing in the kentucky derby list of horses in the kentucky derby kentucky derby 2009 winner vintage kentucky derby posters kentucky derby weekend 2011 recent kentucky derby winners results kentucky derby 2010 kentucky derby horses 2010 kentucky derby glasses value previous kentucky derby winners kentucky derby glass price guide kentucky derby starting lineup pink kentucky derby hats kentucky derby package deals kentucky derby fashion photos kentucky derby winning horses kentucky derby museum tours kentucky derby day 2011 recipe for kentucky derby pie churchill downs louisville kentucky big hats for kentucky derby kentucky derby gift shop kentucky derby invitation wording kentucky derby 2010 video kentucky derby men s hats winner kentucky derby 2010 lineup for kentucky derby facts about kentucky derby going to the kentucky derby kentucky derby clothing for women kentucky derby racing program kentucky derby horse lineup win kentucky derby tickets triple crown kentucky derby date of the kentucky derby the history of the kentucky derby kentucky derby style dresses kentucky derby hats denver who is going to win the kentucky derby kentucky derby horse pictures who won the kentucky derby today kentucky derby glasses 2011 weather for the kentucky derby kentucky derby winners by year kentucky derby party attire how to get tickets to the kentucky derby kentucky derby free picks kentucky derby pictures 2010 field for kentucky derby mens kentucky derby hats where is the kentucky derby run date of 2011 kentucky derby picks for kentucky derby kentucky derby dress attire kentucky derby horse owners what day is the kentucky derby post positions for kentucky derby kentucky derby festival events cost of kentucky derby tickets kentucky derby horse racing kentucky derby winners history list of horses in kentucky derby funny kentucky derby hats kentucky derby mens hats kentucky derby list of horses pictures of the kentucky derby how much are tickets to the kentucky derby racing form kentucky derby millionaires row kentucky derby results for kentucky derby kentucky derby history winners kentucky derby race number 2008 kentucky derby winner the first kentucky derby kentucky derby 2011 hotels about the kentucky derby how many horses race in the kentucky derby 2011 kentucky derby events favorite for kentucky derby winner of kentucky derby 2010 winners of kentucky derby what is kentucky derby kentucky derby race form tickets kentucky derby 2011 where is the kentucky derby located 2010 kentucky derby post positions kentucky derby bridal shower invitations kentucky derby infield tickets 2011 winners of the kentucky derby kentucky derby tickets cheap big kentucky derby hats kentucky derby package 2011 kentucky derby ticket packages kentucky derby general admission tickets kentucky derby menu ideas kentucky derby hats tradition kentucky derby tickets infield hotels for kentucky derby affordable kentucky derby hats 2010 kentucky derby contenders horses running in the derby used kentucky derby hats kentucky derby grandstand tickets kentucky derby order of finish horses running in kentucky derby hunter s thompson kentucky derby kentucky derby 2010 contenders churchill downs stakes schedule run for the roses kentucky derby kentucky derby packages 2011 history of kentucky derby kentucky derby infield club tickets tickets for kentucky derby 2011 kentucky oaks race schedule kentucky derby past winners races at churchill downs when does the kentucky derby take place who won 2010 kentucky derby kentucky derby parties 2011 churchill downs kentucky derby 2011 2010 kentucky derby field kentucky derby results 2010 kentucky derby theme party discount kentucky derby hats buy kentucky derby hats location of the kentucky derby horse that died at kentucky derby kentucky derby vacation packages kentucky derby contenders 2011 alexandra paressant tony parker eva longoria tony parker wedding eva longoria and tony parker wedding